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Biochemical Saccharification of Ionic Liquid Pretreated Biomass an Examination of Treatment Parameters and Enzyme Requirements
Table of Contents
Abstract
Acknowledgements
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
List of Equations
List of Abbreviations
1. Introduction
1.1. Background
1.2. Availability of biomass
1.3. Sugar platform for production to value added chemicals
1.4. Ionic liquid pretreatment
1.5. Cellulose and Hemicellulose Degrading Enzymes
1.6. Organization of the dissertation
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.1.1. Substrates and Ionic Liquid
2.1.2. Enzymes
2.1.3. Other Chemicals
2.2. Methods
2.2.1. IL Pretreatment and Regeneration
2.2.2. X-ray Powder Diffraction
2.2.3. Compositional Analysis
2.2.4. Enzymatic Hydrolysis
3. Expression, Purification, and Characterization of Mono-component and Commercial Enzymes
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Methods
3.2.1. Expression and purification of mono-component enzymes
3.2.2. Enzyme Concentration
3.2.3. Enzyme Activity Assays
3.3. Results and Discussion
3.3.1. Mono-component Enzyme Characterization
3.3.2. Commercial Enzyme Characterization
3.4. Conclusions
4. Influence of ionic-liquid incubation temperature on changes in cellulose structure, biomass composition, and enzymatic digestibility
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Methods
4.2.1. X-ray Powder Diffraction
4.2.2. X-ray Fiber Diffraction
4.2.3. Solid State 13C CP-MAS NMR
4.2.4. Enzymatic Hydrolysis
4.3. Results and Discussions
4.3.1. Crystallinity and Crystal Form
4.3.2. Composition
4.3.3. Enzymatic Digestibility
4.4. Conclusions
5. Saccharification of Ionic-Liquid Pretreated Newspaper
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Methods
5.2.1. Newspaper Pretreatment and Regeneration
5.2.2. Enzymatic Hydrolysis
5.3. Results and Discussion
5.3.1. Composition of Newspaper
5.3.2. Cellulose Crystallinity of IL Pretreated Newspaper
5.3.3. Enzymatic Hydrolysis
5.4. Conclusions
6. Critical cellulase and hemicellulase activities for hydrolysis of ionic liquid pretreated biomass
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Methods
6.2.1. Pretreatment and characterization of substrates
6.2.2. Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Analysis
6.2.3. Statistical Analysis
6.3. Results and Discussion
6.4. Conclusions
7. Exploration of additional hemicellulase activities for hydrolysis of ionic liquid pretreated biomass
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Methods
7.2.1. Pretreatment and characterization of substrates
7.2.2. Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Analysis
7.2.3. β-Glucosidase and β-Xylosidase Content
7.2.4. Design of Experiments and Statistical Analysis
7.3. Results and Discussion
7.3.1. Poplar
7.3.2. Switchgrass
7.3.3. Comparison between IL pretreated poplar and switchgrass
7.3.4. Commercial Enzyme Supplementation of Switchgrass to Obtain Complete Xylan Hydrolysis
7.4. Conclusions
8. Changes in crystallinity and composition of IL-pretreated biomass depending on anti-solvent choice
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Methods
8.2.1. Regeneration of Biomass
8.3. Results and Discussion
8.3.1. Cellulose crystallinity and crystal form
8.3.2. Losses to pretreatment
8.4. Conclusions
9. Effect of changes of incubation temperature during high solid loading ionic-liquid pretreatment
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Methods
9.2.1. IL Pretreatment of Substrates
9.2.2. Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Compositional Analysis
9.3. Results and Discussion
9.3.1. Crystallinity and Crystal Form
9.3.2. Composition
9.3.3. Enzymatic Hydrolysis
9.4. Conclusions
10. Future Research
10.1. Ionic Liquid Pretreatment
10.2. Exploration of critical enzyme activities
10.3. Viability of waste feedstocks
References
Appendices of Tables
Appendices of Figures
Appendices of Enzyme AssaysBài viết liên quan
