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Changes in default mode network connectivity in the months following a motor vehicle collision


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Changes in default mode network connectivity in the months following a motor vehicle collision
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
1 Introduction
1.1 Aim of Study
1.1.1 Purpose
1.1.2 Introduction to the Default Mode Network
1.1.3 Hypotheses
1.1.4 Overview of MRI Physics, Stress, and the Default Mode Network Literature .
1.2 Physics
1.2.1 General MRI Physics
1.2.2 Echo Planar Imaging
1.2.3 Blood Oxygen Level Dependent Imaging
1.3 The Stress Response and Trauma Related Stress Disorders
1.3.1 Stress Response
1.3.2 Acute Stress Disorder
1.3.3 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
1.4 Review of the Anatomy and Functional Characteristics of Regions of Importance in the Default Mode Network and Stress
1.4.1 Prefrontal Cortex
1.4.2 Anterior Cingulate Cortex
1.4.3 Posterior Cingulate Cortex
1.4.4 Inferior Parietal Cortices/Visual Cortices
1.4.5 Lateral Temporal Cortices
1.4.6 Hippocampi
1.4.7 Amygdalae
1.5 History of the Default Mode Network
2 Materials
2.1 Equipment
2.1.1 Scanner
2.1.2 Paradigm Computer
2.1.3 Goggle System
2.2 Software
2.2.1 SPM
2.2.2 SPM Add-Ons: xjView, Marsbar2.0, and VBM
2.2.3 SPSS
3 Methods
3.1 Recruitment
3.2 Timeline of Subject Activities
3.3 Positioning Subjects in Scanner
3.4 Stress Related Surveys
3.4.1 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist
3.4.2 Clinician Administered Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Scale
3.5 MRI Scans
3.5.1 Localizer
3.5.2 Resting-State fMRI
3.5.3 Spoiled Gradient Echo
3.5.4 Overlay
3.6 System Check
3.7 Rebinning Data
3.8 Image Processing
3.8.1 Introduction to Processing
3.8.2 Physiological Correction
3.8.3 Preprocessing
3.8.4 Region of Interest Building
3.8.5 Segmentation
3.8.6 Nuisance Filtering
3.9 First Level Analysis
3.10 Second Level Analysis
3.10.1 Single Sample T-Tests
3.10.2 Difference Maps
3.10.3 Single Sample T-test of Difference Maps
4 Results
4.1 Sample Statistics and Survey Results
4.2 Single Sample T-Tests of Functional Connectivity Maps
4.2.1 Single Sample T-Test for the Three-Week Posterior Cingulate Cortex Connectivity Map for 32 Subjects, Correcting for Age and Gender
4.2.2 Single Sample T-Test for the Three-Month Posterior Cingulate Connectivity Map for 17 Subjects, Correcting for Age and Gender
4.2.3 Single T-Test for the Posterior Cingulate Cortex Connectivity Difference Map for 17 Subjects, Correcting for Age and Gender
4.3 Results for the Whole Brain Correlation Analyses
4.3.1 The Whole Brain Correlation between the Two-Week Posterior Cingulate Cortex Connectivity and the Initial Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Scores for 32 Subjects, Correcting for Age and Gender
4.3.2 The Whole Brain Correlation Between the Three-Month Posterior Cingulate Cortex Connectivity and the Final Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Scores for 17 Subjects, Correcting for Age and Gender
4.3.3 The Whole Brain Correlation between the Change in Posterior Cingulate Cortex Connectivity and the Change in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Scores for 17 Subjects, Correcting for Age and Gender
5 Discussion
5.1 Hippocampi
5.2 Anterior Cingulate Cortex
5.3 Inferior Parietal Cortex/Visual Cortex
5.4 Prefrontal Cortex
5.5 Amygdala
6 Conclusion
References
Appendix A: Result Tables 
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