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Economic feasibility and environmental analysis of a municipal food waste collection and anaerobic digestion program model
Table of Contents
Abstract
Acknowledgements
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
List of Equations
List of Abbreviations
List of Symbols
1 Introduction
1.1 Objective
1.2 Motivation for Work
1.3 Organization of the Chapters
1.4 Overview of Terms
1.5 Hypothesis
2 Literature Review
2.1 Food Waste in the U.S.: Prevalence and Challenges
2.1.1 Food Waste Definition and Baseline Statistics
2.1.2 Food Waste Generators
2.1.3 Effects of Food Waste
2.1.3.1 Environmental Effects
2.1.3.1 Economic Effects
2.1.3.1 Social Effects
2.1.4 Food Waste Recovery Hierarchy
2.2 Anaerobic Digestion: Current Trends
2.2.1 Basics
2.2.2 A Brief History of AD Innovation
2.2.3 AD Process Improvements and Current Research
2.2.3.1 Wastewater Treatment
2.2.3.2 Manure Treatment
2.2.3.3 MSW Treatment
2.2.4 AD and Food Waste
2.2.4.1 Barriers to Food Waste Utilization
2.2.4.1 Current efforts to overcome Food Waste difficulties
2.2.5 Regulatory Environment
2.3 Life Cycle Assessment
2.3.1 Definition
2.3.2 Examples of LCA Utilization
2.4 Summary
2.4.1 Placing this work within the current literature
3 Methodology
3.1 Scope
3.2 Economic Analyses
3.3 Initial Investment
3.3.1 Collection
3.3.1.1 Household Collection bins
3.3.1.2 Commercial Collection bins
3.3.1.3 Collection Trucks for Household Waste
3.3.1.4 Collection Trucks for Commercial Waste
3.3.2 Other Capital Costs
3.3.3 Summary of Initial Investment
3.4 Annual Costs
3.4.1 Collection
3.4.1.1 Household and Commercial Collection Bins
3.4.1.2 Household and Commercial Collection Vehicles
3.4.2 Other Annual Costs
3.5 Annual Benefits
3.5.1 Tipping Fees
3.5.2 Revenue from Biogas Generation
3.5.3 Process Effluent
3.6 Economic Sensitivity Analyses
3.7 Environmental Analyses
3.7.1 Increased Emissions
3.7.2 Avoided Emissions
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Current Prospects
4.1.1 Summary of Expected Costs and Revenues
4.1.2 Economic Analysis
4.2 Single Variable Analysis
4.2.1 Tipping Fees
4.2.2 Feed-in Tariffs
4.2.3 Capital Grants
4.2.4 Utilization of Biogas for CNG Production
4.2.5 Volatile Solids Destruction Efficiency
4.3 Multivariate Analysis
4.3.1 Capital Grants versus Feed-in Tariffs at different Tipping Fees
4.3.2 Capital Grants versus Feed-in Tariffs at different CNG levels
4.3.3 Feed-in Tariffs versus Tipping Fee at different CNG levels
4.4 Environmental Analysis
4.5 Discussion
4.5.1 Findings of the study
4.5.2 Study Limitations
4.5.3 Suggestions for Future Research
4.5.4 Remarks
4.6 Conclusions
References
A Microsoft Excel Model
A.1 ‘Inputs’ Sheet
A.2 ‘Calcs’ Sheet
A.3 ‘Final Calcs’ Sheet
A.4 ‘Econ’ Sheet
A.5 ‘Single’ Sheet
A.6 ‘Multi’ Sheet
A.7 ‘Environ’ Sheet Bài viết liên quan
