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In uence of Externally Applied Moments and Loads on Knee Kinematics A Cadaveric Study of Single- and Multi-Axis Loading of the Knee
Contents
Abstract
Acknowledgments
Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
List of Abbreviations
1 Introduction
1.1 Knee Anatomy
1.2 ACL Injury Risk Factors
1.3 ACL Injury Mechanisms
1.4 Treatment Options for ACL Injuries
1.4.1 Conservative Treatment
1.4.2 Surgical Treatment
1.4.2.1 Surgical Approaches
1.4.2.2 Graft Selection
1.4.2.3 Surgical Instrumentation
1.5 Overview of Thesis Study
2 Literature Review
2.1 ACL Injuries
2.2 Methods Used to Study ACL Injuries
2.2.1 In Vivo Studies
2.2.2 Video Analysis Studies
2.2.3 Physical Exam Studies
2.2.4 Mathematical Modeling Studies
2.2.5 Cadaveric Studies
2.2.5.1 Kinematics After Serial Dissections
2.2.6 Robotic Testing Systems
2.3 Summary
3 Methods and Materials
3.1 Specimen Preparation
3.2 Test Apparatus
3.3 Loading Protocol
3.4 Data Acquisition, Processing and Analysis
4 Results
4.1 Kinematics Under Tibial Translation Loads and Rotatory Moments
4.1.1 One-Plane Loading Scenarios
4.1.1.1 Anterior/Posterior Tibial Shear
4.1.1.2 Internal/External Tibial Rotation
4.1.1.3 Varus/Valgus Tibial Rotation
4.1.2 Two-Plane Loading Scenarios
4.1.2.1 A-P Tib Shear + I-E Tib Rotation
4.1.2.2 A-P Tib Shear + V-V Tib Rotation
4.1.2.3 I-E Tib Rotation + 7.5 Nm V-V Tib Rotation
4.1.2.4 I-E Tib Rotation + 15 Nm V-V Tib Rotation
4.1.3 Three-Plane Loading Scenarios
4.1.3.1 A-P Tib Shear + I-E Tib Rotation + 7.5 Nm V-V Tib Rotation
4.1.3.2 A-P Tib Shear + I-E Tib Rotation + 15 Nm V-V Tib Rotation
4.2 Eect of Tekscan Insertion
4.3 In Vitro Kinematic Data Validation
4.3.1 FCTS vs Robotic Testing Systems
4.3.2 Serial Dissection - Manually Applied Loads
4.3.3 Robotic Testing - Pure Anterior Shear and Combined Valgus with Internal Rotation
4.3.4 Robotic Testing - Eect of Passive Muscle Loads
4.3.5 Robotic Testing - Eect of Posterior Shear Combined with Ex-ternal Rotation
5 Analysis and Discussion
5.1 Maximum In Vitro Tibial Translations and Rotations
5.1.1 Anterior Tibial Translation
5.1.2 Posterior Tibial Translation
5.1.3 Internal Tibial Rotation
5.1.4 External Tibial Rotation
5.1.5 Valgus Tibial Rotation
5.1.6 Varus Tibial Rotation
5.2 Conclusions
5.3 Future Work
References
A In Vitro Loading Conditions
B In Vitro Kinematic Results
B.1 One-Plane: Ant/Post Tib Shear
B.2 One-Plane: Int/Ext Tib Rot
B.3 One-Plane: Var/Val Tib Rot
B.4 Two-Plane: A-P Tib Shear & I-E Tib Rot
B.5 Two-Plane: A-P Tib Shear & V-V Tib Rot
B.6 Two-Plane: I-E Tib Rot & V-V Tib Rot
B.6.1 7.5 Nm Valgus
B.6.2 15.0 Nm Valgus
B.7 Three-Plane: A-P Tib Shear, I-E Tib Rot & V-V Tib Rot
B.7.1 7.5 Nm Valgus
B.7.2 15.0 Nm Valgus Bài viết liên quan
