Neuropeptides amplify and focus the monoaminergic inhibition of nociception in Caenorhabditis elegans
Neuropeptides amplify and focus the monoaminergic inhibition of nociception in Caenorhabditis elegans
Table of Contents
Abstract
Acknowledgements
Table of Contents
List of Figures
List of Abbreviations
List of Symbols
1 Introduction
1.1 Monoamines and neuropeptides as co-modulators for global signaling cascades in mammals and invertebrates
1.2 The role of TA as a neuromodulator in mammals and invertebrates
1.3 Significance
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Materials
2.2 Nematode growth and strains
2.3 Behavioral assays
2.4 Molecular biology and transgenesis
2.5 Generation of neuron-selective RNAi constructs
2.6 cDNA cloning and sequencing
2.7 Phosphoinositide turnover and cAMP levels
2.8 Microscopy and image analysis
3 Results
3.1 The Gαq-coupled TA receptor, TYRA-3, is essential for the TA inhibition of 5-HT-stimulated aversive responses to dilute 1-octanol
3.2 TYRA-3 functions in dopaminergic, octopaminergic and peptidergic neurons to inhibit the food or 5-HT-stimulation of aversive responses to dilute 1-octanol.
3.3 TYRA-3 stimulates the release of multiple inhibitory peptides from the ASIs.
3.4 Both Gαq and Gαs signaling in the ASIs are required for TA inhibition
3.5 Peptides encoded by nlp-1 and nlp-14 activate NPR-11 and NPR-10, respectively, to mediate TA/TYRA-3-dependent inhibition.
4 Discussion
4.1 Small changes in TYRA-3 signaling may have dramatic effects on locomotory behavior
4.2 TYRA-3 signaling may stimulate the release of both OA and DA to inhibit ASH-mediated aversive behavior.
4.3 TA and OA stimulate the release of distinct and non-overlapping pools of neuropeptides from the ASIs to inhibit ASH-mediated aversive behaviors.
4.4 The role of TA in locomotory-decision making: understanding the circuits modulating spontaneous and sensory-evoked reversal
4.5 The neuropeptides involved in the TA or OA inhibition of aversive responses may be packaged into different large dense-core vesicles in the ASIs.
4.6 Changes in nutritional status can also have long-term effects on olfaction and its associated behaviors
4.7 Summary
ReferencesBài viết liên quan
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