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Predicting fate and transport of fecal bacteria through soils using an advection-dispersion model
Table of Contents
Abstract
Acknowledgements
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
List of Abbreviations
List of Symbols
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.1.1 Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations
1.1.2 Environmental and Health Impacts
1.1.3 Protection of Proximal Surface Waters
1.1.4 Research Hypothesis and Objectives
1.2 Objective 1 – Formulation of Semi-Pervious Soil
1.2.1 Agricultural Soil
1.2.2 Buffer Strip Soil
1.3 Objective 2 – Assumptions of the Advection-Dispersion Model and the Required Parameters
1.3.1 Mechanisms of Bacterial Transport
1.3.2 Overview and Assumptions of the Advection-Dispersion Model
1.3.3 Microcosm Justification and Requirements
1.4 Objective 3 – Controlled Transport of Fecal Indicator Organisms
1.4.1 Fecal Indicator Species
1.4.2 Fecal Indicator Contamination Limits
1.5 Objective 4 – Transport through a Simulated Buffer Strip
1.6 Objective 5 – Model Predictions
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Bacteria and Growth Conditions
2.2 Bovine Liquid Manure Collection and Storage
2.3 Objective 1 – Formulation of Semi-Pervious Soil
2.3.1 Soil Formulation
2.3.2 Soil Characterization
2.4 Objective 2 – Identify and Quantify Model Parameters
2.4.1 Advection Dispersion Model for Bacterial Transport
2.4.2 Conservative Tracer Parameters
2.5 Objective 3 – Fecal Coliform Distance-Dependent Densities
2.5.1 Transport of Bacteria Suspended in Phosphate Buffer
2.5.2 Transport of Bacteria Suspended in BLM
2.6 Objective 4 – Simulated Buffer Strips
2.7 Objective 5 – Data Analysis and Transport Predictions
2.7.1 Statistical Analysis
2.7.2 Model Predictions
3 Results
3.1 Objective 1 – Soil Characteristics
3.2 Objective 2 – Model Parameters
3.2.1 Literature and Constant Parameters
3.2.2 Conservative Tracer Parameters
3.3 Objective 3 – Fecal Coliform Transport
3.3.1 Transport of E. coli and E. hirae
3.3.2 Transport of E. coli and E. hirae suspended in BLM
3.3.3 Evaluation of Predictions for Bacterial Transport
3.4 Objective 4 – Model Verification Using Simulated Agricultural Field Conditions
3.4.1 Lysimeter Transport Results
3.4.2 Evaluation of Predictions for Lysimeter Transport
3.5 Objective 5 – Predicting Transport Distance
3.5.1 Predictions Using First-Order Kinetics
3.5.2 Predictions Using Second-Order Kinetics
4 Discussion
4.1 Variance in Model Predictions
4.2 Predictions of Minimum Soil Depth
4.3 Predicting Buffer Strip Size and Feasibility
4.3.1 Infiltration Rate and Transport Distance
4.3.2 Example Buffer Strip
4.3.3 Example Drainage Interceptor
4.3.4 Shortcomings
5 Conclusion
References
Appendix A Bài viết liên quan
